Conjunct consonants (Sanyukt Vyanjan) (र - रेफ़/पदेन का प्रयोग) - 4

This is the fourth post on Conjunct consonants. Many subscribers requested this particular topic of संयुक्ताक्षर – र (रेफ़/पदेन)का प्रयोग, to be discussed in detail and wanted some worksheets for the practice.

In the case of conjunct consonants alphabet r/र has a different rule to follow.

(A)Whenever a half Vyanjan(स्वर रहित)- alphabets with a standing line( T ), is joined to r/र, it is reduced in size, and a short-stroke is attached below the line of the vyanjan. It is known as ‘पदेन’ meaning पैरों पर  लगा हुआ.

   e.g. –

     

क् + र – क्र  -  क् + र + म   – क्रम, 

ग् + र – ग्र  -  ग् + र + ह    - ग्रह

प् + र – प्र  -   प् + र + बल  - प्रबल

ब् + र ब्र    -  ब् + र + ज    - ब्रज

 

when we pronounce these conjunct consonants the sound of r/र comes after the half Vyanjan (स्वर रहित).

 

(B) र  as half vyanjan र् (स्वर रहित) is called रेफ़ in Hindi grammar.

 र्  appears in between the alphabets of a word, and र् takes an upward curve form above the next Vyanjan. e.g. –

 

र् + म – र्म - क + र् + म – कर्म

र् + च – र्च – ख + र् + च - खर्च

र् + द – र्द –  स + र् + द - सर्द  

 It is to be noted that no word starts with र् (रेफ़), it always appears in between the alphabets of a word.

(C)  With ट् (ta), ठ् (tha), ड् (da), ढ् (dha) छ् (cha), र appears as 

(  ª)  below the Vyanjan. e.g. –

ट् + र – ट्र - ट् + र + क – ट्रक

ड् + र – ड्र, - ड् + र + म – ड्रम

 

(D) Whenever a half Vyanjan (स्वर रहित) त् is joined to र, it is reduced in size, and a short-stroke is attached to the vyanjan त .        

त् + र – त्र

त् + र + स – त्रस

त् + रे + ता – त्रेता

मा + त् + रा - मात्रा

Conjunct Consonants (Sanyukt Vyanjan) may appear complex but with little practice and fun, kids can master it. 

Enjoy the worksheets posted in this post of Conjunct Consonants (Sanyukt Vyanjan) - 4 and if you feel that they are useful for you, please leave a comment and press the Follow button. Happy teaching!!!

Primary School - Conjunct Consonants (Sanyukt Vyanjan) -3

contd.-

The details of Conjunct consonants were discussed earlier on Conjunct Consonants (Sanyukt Vyanjan) 1

https://balrachna.blogspot.com/2019/03/conjunct-consonants-sanyukt-vyanjan-1.html

 In this post, I am uploading some more pictorial and written exercises worksheets of conjunct consonants for practice.

 Happy teaching !!!!

Primary School - Conjunct Consonants (Sanyukt Vyanjan) -2

(Continuing from Conjunct Consonant -1)

In Hindi Varnamala there are 4 sanyukt varna, क्ष, त्र, ज्ञ, श्र.

·       क्ष – क् + ष

·       त्र – त् + र

·       ज्ञ – ज + ञ

·       श्र – श् + र

The worksheets cover some variables of conjunct consonants. Once kids learn to comprehend these combinations they won’t make spelling mistakes.

The next set of worksheets of Sanyukt Vyanjan - 3 has pictorial sentences. I would be uploading them soon.

Enjoy teaching them with love and patience. Happy teaching !!!!

 

 

 

 

 

Primary School - Conjunct Consonants (Sanyukt Vyanjan) 1

Conjunct Consonants (Sanyukt Vyanjan) are a combination of two or more consonant letters (vyanjans). They are formed by combining two letters with no vowel (swar-अ) sound to it. It often changes the shape of the letters.

From time to time they appear in the text, nothing to worry about these conjunct letters.

·       In Hindi Varnamala there are 33 consonants(vyanjans) and 23 consonants have a vertical line/stroke.

    ख, ग, घ / च, ज, झ, ञ / ण / त, थ, ध, न / प, ब, भ,      म / ल, व / श, ष, स ।

When these consonants are joined the vertical line of the first consonant is removed and connected to the second consonant in full form. e.g –

ख् + य – ख्य / ग् + व – ग्व / त् + व – त्व .........

·        Alphabets like क/फ have a half loop/hook, which is shortened and joined to the next alphabet. e.g. –

क् + ख – क्ख/ क् + य – क्य
· Vyanjan द lacks vertical stroke. The second Vyanjan after द् is reduced in size and placed underneath द. e.g. –

द् + व – द्व,  द् + ध – द्ध,  द् + य – द्य

·        (A) Alphabet r(a)/र has different rule to follow. Whenever a half Vyanjan is joined to r(a)/र, it is reduced in size and a short stroke is attached to the vyanjan. e.g. –

क् + र – क्र,  ग् + र – ग्र, प् + र – प्र

क् + र + म – क्रम, ब् + र + ज - ब्रज

(when we pronounce these conjunct consonants the sound of r(a)/र comes after the half Vyanjan.)

(B) When r(a)/र appears as half vyanjan र् in between a word,  in that case, र् takes an upward curve form above the next Vyanjan. e.g. –

र् + म – र्म,     र् + च – र्च,    र् + द – र्द

क + र् + म – कर्म,    ब + र् + ज - बर्ज
 (It is to be noted that no word starts with र्, it always appears in between the alphabets.)
(C) With ट् (ta), ठ् (tha), ड् (da), ढ् (dha) छ् (cha) र appears as ¼ ª½ below the Vyanjan. e.g. –

ट् + र – ट्र,   ड् + र – ड्र, ......

ट् + र + क – ट्रक,   ड् + र + म - ड्रम 

  

Conjunct Consonants (Sanyukt Vyanjan) may appear complex but with little practice and fun, kids can master it. 

Enjoy the worksheets posted in the second post of Conjunct Consonants (Sanyukt Vyanjan) - 2 and if you feel that they are useful for you, please leave a comment and press the Follow button. Happy teaching !!!